Network growth by copying

Network growth by copying.

We introduce a growing network model in which a new node attaches to a randomly selected node, as well as to all ancestors of the target node. This mechanism produces a sparse, ultrasmall network where the average node degree grows logarithmically with network size while the network diameter equals 2. We determine basic geometrical network properties, such as the size dependence of the number o...

Quantum copying: A network

V. Bužek, S. L. Braunstein, M. Hillery, and D. Bruß 1 Optics Section, The Blackett Laboratory, Imperial College, London SW7 2BZ, United Kingdom 2 Institute of Physics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dubravská cesta 9, 842 28 Bratislava, Slovakia 3 University of Wales, Dean Street, Bangor LL57 1UT, United Kingdom 4 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College, CUNY, 695 Park Avenue, New York...

Detecting documents forged by printing and copying

This paper describes a method to distinguish documents produced by laser printers, inkjet printers, and electrostatic copiers, three commonly used document creation devices. The proposed approach can distinguish between documents produced by these sources based on features extracted from the characters in the documents. Hence, it can also be used to detect tampered documents produced by a mixtu...

Beyond Copying

Smart copying

Can imitation be considered one of the most successful strategies in business? My answer is " yes ". It appears that this topic is getting more and more attention nowadays. It is well known that Apple's success can be attributed to taking existing ideas and repackaging them with excellent design. However, no one can readily blame Steven Jobs for lacking originality. Even if the ideas for his co...